页数:48页文件大小:18.03 MB来源: 组织学与胚胎学ppt课件
本课件讲解循环系统的组成与管壁结构,涵盖毛细血管的三类分型与内皮超微结构、中动脉与大动脉的分层特点、静脉瓣、微循环通路,以及心壁三层结构、心脏传导系统和淋巴管系统。
循环系统(circulatory system)
组织学各论中空性器官(hollow organ):器官内有腔,管壁分层。心血管、消化管、呼吸道、泌尿生殖管道等实质性器官(parenchymal organ):器官内无腔。被膜(capsule):结缔组织间质(stroma):结缔组织、血管、神经、淋巴管等实质(parenchyma):皮质(cortex)髓质(medulla)肾脏、消化腺、淋巴器官、内分泌腺等
心血管系统(blood vascular system)淋巴管系统(lymph vascular syetem)心脏动脉毛细血管静脉毛细淋巴管淋巴管右淋巴导管胸导管circulatory system
Marginalfold
内膜(tunica intima)内皮(endothelium)内皮下层(subendothelial layer)中膜(tunica media)外膜(tunica adventitia)general structure of the blood vessels内弹性膜(internal elastic membrane)外弹性膜(external elastic membrane)
tunica intimaendotheliumsubendothelial layerinternal elastic membranetunica media:10~40层环行平滑肌tunica adventitiaexternal elastic membraneloose connective tissue(vasa vasorum、nerve)中动脉(medium-sized artery)肌性动脉(muscular artery)分配动脉(distributing artery)由弹性蛋白构成,膜上有许多小孔。在标本横切面上明显可见,因收缩而呈波浪状,为内膜与中膜的分界。
tunica intimaendotheliumsubendothelial layerinternal elastic membrane:不清tunica media:40~70层elastic membranetunica adventitiaexternal elastic membrane:不清loose connective tissue(vasa vasorum、nerve)大动脉(large artery)弹性动脉(elastic artery)
小动脉(small artery)(muscular artery)管径0.3~1mm。微动脉(arteriole)管径<0.3mm。两者合称外周阻力血管
中动脉和中静脉
人中静脉管壁分层人中动脉管壁分层
小动脉和小静脉
人中静脉示静脉瓣
arteriole venulemetaarterioleprecapillarysphincterturecapillarythoroughfare channelarteriovenous anastomosisMicrocirculationprecapillary arteriole
心脏的刺激传导系统(impulse conducting system)Purkinje fiberSinoatrial(SA)nodeAtrioventricular(AV)nodebundle of Hisright and left bundle branchPurkinje fiberspacemaker celltransitional cell
lymph vascular system毛细淋巴管(lymphatic capillary)淋巴管(lymphatic vessel)淋巴导管(lymphatic duct)vein
SummaryThe circulatory is continuous and closed channel system .Itconsists of the blood and lymphatic systems.General structure of blood vessels consists of tunics intima, tunicamedia and tunica adventitia except the capillaries.The intima consists of a layer of endothelial cell, subendotheliallayer. In arteries, the intima is separated from the media by aninternal elastic lamina. The media consists chiefly of concentriclayers of helically arranged smooth muscle cell.The adventitia is composed of connective tissue.The walls of heart consist of three tunics: the internal orendocardium, the middle or myocardium and the externalpericardium.The capillaries are composed of a single layer of endothelial cell ofmesenchymal origin rolled up in the form of a tube.The lymphatic vascular systerm is a auxiliary circulatory system.
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