页数：24页文件大小：129.5 KB来源： 计算机专业英语ppt课件
本课件对应3.1 Browsers and E-mails（浏览器与电子邮件）一节，介绍浏览器的访问原理、统一资源定位符的构成，以及电子邮件的收发流程与地址格式。课文配中英文对照译文、生词短语表与课后练习，可用于课堂讲授与课前预习。
| 单词 | 词性 | 中文释义 |
|---|---|---|
| attachment | n. | 附件 |
| debate | v. | 辩论 |
| document | n. | 文件，公文，证件 |
| domain | n. | 域，领域 |
| forum | n. | 论坛 |
| halfway | adv. | 在半途 |
| hyperlink | n. | 超链接 |
| impact | v. | 影响 |
| indicate | v. | 显示，象征，指示，指出… |
| 单词 | 词性 | 中文释义 |
|---|---|---|
| interpret | v. | 解释，翻译，理解 |
| overestimate | v. | 过高估计 |
| overwhelm | v. | 压倒，使不知所措 |
| signature | v. | 签名 |
| specialized | adj. | 专用的，专门的 |
| subject | n. | 主题 |
| subscription | n. | 预约，用户，订阅费 |
| surf | v. | 冲浪 |
| well-known | adj. | 著名的，有名的 |
| 短语 | 中文释义 |
|---|---|
| at least | 至少 |
| along with | 和……一起，伴随…… |
| access to | 进入，有权使用 |
| by far | 到目前为止 |
| connect to | 与……相连 |
| in touch | 联系，接触 |
| to the point | 中肯；扼要 |
| 短语 | 中文释义 |
|---|---|
| AOL (America Online) | 美国在线 |
| DNS (the Domain Name System) | 域名系统 |
| HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) | 超文本语言 |
| URL (Uniform Resource Locator) | 统一资源定位符 |
Want to communicate with a friend across town, in another province, or even in another country? The Internet and the Webarethe 21 st-Century information resources designed for all of us to use.
想要跨城市、省甚至国家与一位朋友进行信息交流么？Internet和Web是为此设计的21世纪信息资源。3.1 Browsers and E-mails
浏览器是提供访问Web资源的程序。该软件把你和远程计算机连接起来，可以打开以及传送文件、显示正文和图像、并且给Internet和Web资源提供一个简单接口。
Browsersare programs that provide access to Webresources. This software connects you to remote computers, opens and transfers files, displays text and images, and provides in one tool an uncomplicated interface to the Internet and Webdocuments.
Two well-known browsers are Netscape Navigator and Microsoft Internet Explorer. Forbrowsers to connect to other resources, the location or address of the resources must be specified. These addresses are called Uniform Resources Locators (URLs). Following the Domain Name System (DNS), all URLshaveat least three basic parts.
Netscape公司的Navigator和微软公司的IE是两个有名的浏览器。对链接其他资源的浏览器来说，资源的位置或地址必须指定，这些地址称为统一资源定位符（URL）。继域名系统（DNS）之后，所有的URL至少有三个基本部分：
The first part presents the protocol used to connect to the resource. The protocol http://is by far the most common. The second part presents the domain name or the name of the server where the resource is located. Theserveris identified aswww. aol. com.(Many URLshave additional parts specifying directory paths, filenames, and pointers)The last part of the domain name following the dot (.)is the domain code. It identifies the type of organization. Forexample, com indicated a commercial site.
第一部分表示链接资源的协议，协议http://是当今最普遍的；第二部分表示资源所在的域名或服务器名，一个服务器可能被标识为www.aol.com的形式(很多URL有附加部分，用于指定目录路径、文件名和指针)；在域名中圆点之后的最后一个部分是域码（顶级域名），用于标明机构类型，例如，com表示商业网站。
URL“http://www.aol.com”把用户计算机和提供关于“美国在线(AOL)”信息的计算机连接起来。Web上这些信息的位置称为网站，从一个网站移到另一个网站称为“冲浪”。
The URLhttp://www. aol. com connects your computer to a computer that provides information about America Online (AOL). These information allocations on the Webarecalled Websites. Moving from one Website to another is called surfing.
一旦浏览器连接上一个网站，就会有文档发送到你的计算机。这个文档包含HTML命令。浏览器解释HTML命令并以网页的形式显示。通常，一个网站的第一页被称为主页。
Once the browser has been connected to a Website, a document file is sent to your computer. This document contains Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)commands. The browser interprets the HTMLcommands and displays the document as a Webpage. Typically, the first page of a Website is referred to as its homepage.
语言点分析：复合句，information和connections是并列宾语，thatcontain…是定语从句，修饰documents。
主页显示有关站点的信息以及参考、超级链接，或者与包含相关信息（如文本文件、图像、音频和视频短片）的其他文件的链接。
[1]The homepage presents information about the site along with references and hyperlinks, or connections to other documents that contain related information such as text files, graphic images, audio, and videoclips.
这些文档可能位于你附近的计算机系统，也可能在世界各地的任何一个角落。在Web页中，参考以加下划线的彩色文本或图片出现，为了访问参考资料，你只需单击醒目的文本和图片，即可以自动链接到包含该信息的计算机，显示出参考资料。
These documents maybe located on a nearby computer system or on one halfway around the world. The references appear as underlined and colored text and/or images on the Webpage. To access the referenced material, all you do is click on the highlighted text or image. Alinkis automatically made to the computer containing the material, and the referenced material appears.
通信是Internet最常用的活动之一。电子通信的影响不可低估。在个人用户级别，朋友和家人能够远隔千里而保持联络。
Communication is the most popular Internet activity. The impact of electronic communication cannot be overestimated. Atapersonal level, friends and family can stay in contact with one another even when separated by thousands of miles.
语言点分析：简单句，standard和preferredway是hasbecome的并列宾语，to stay in touch with suppliers,employees,andcustomers是动词不定式作定语，修饰preferredway。
在企业用户级别，电子通信已经成为标准，很多企业选择这样的方法保持与供应商、雇员和用户的联系。
[2]At a business level, electronic communication has become standard and many times preferred way to stay in touch with suppliers, employees, and customers.
你只需访问Internet和邮件程序，就能够和世界上任何一个拥有Internet地址或者E-mail账户的联网的人交流。两个最常用的邮件程序是微软的OutlookExpress和网景（Netscape）的Navigator。
You can communicate with anyone in the world who has an Internet address ore-mail account with a system connected to the Internet. Allyouneedis access to the Internet andane-mail program. Twoofthemost widely usede-mail programs are Microsoft's Outlook Express and Netscape's Navigator.
E-mail信息有三个主要构成部分：抬头、信息和签名。抬头出现在E-mail最前面，主要包含以下的信息：
地址：收信和发信人的地址，也可以加上抄送人的地址。
Atypicale-mail message has three basic elements: header, message and signature. The header appears first and typically includes the following information:
Addresses: Addresses of the persons sending, receiving, and, optionally, anyone else who is to receive copies.
主题：表示邮件主题的一行描述信息。当一个人查看邮箱时，主题内容会显示。
附件：许多邮件程序允许附加文档和工作表。如果邮件有附件，其文件名会在附件行中显示。
Subject: Aone-line description, used to present the topic of the message. Subject lines typically are displayed when a person checks his or her mail-box.
Attachments: Manye-mail programs allow you to attach files such as documents and worksheets. Ifamessageha san attachment, the filename appears on the attachment line.
下面就是信件或信息，一般比较简短并且切入主题，最后签名部分提供一些发送者的其他信息，主要包含发送者的姓名、地址和电话号码。
E-mail地址由两个基本部分组成。第一部分是用户名，第二部分是域名，包括域码(顶级域名)。
Theletteror message comes next. It is typically short and to the point. Finally, the signature line provides additional information about the sender. Typically, this information includes the sender's name, address, and telephone number.
E-mail addresses have two basic parts. The first part is the user's name and the second part is the domain name, which includes the domain code.
Youcanalsou see-mail to communicate with people you do not know but with whom you wish to share ideas and interests. You can participate in discussions and debates that range from general topics like current events and movies to specialized forums like computer troubleshooting and Star Trek.
使用E-mail，可以和一个虽然不认识但愿意与之交流思想和兴趣爱好的人通信；也可以参加讨论，话题从一般的时事或电影，到专门的计算机检修和“星际旅行”之类。
邮件列表允许列表用户通过向一组列表地址发送信息来交流。每条信息可以复制并通过E-mail发往列表中的每个成员。想加入邮件列表，必须先向预定地址通过E-mail提交申请预定。
Mailinglists allow members of a mailing list to communicate by sending messages to a list address. Each message is then copied and sentviae-mail to every member of the mailing list. To participate in a mailing list, you must first subscribe by sending an e-mail request to the mailing list subscription address.
一旦成为列表成员，你就会收到其他列表成员发送的E-mail，你也可能发现信息多得令人不知所措。如果想取消邮件列表，则必须向预定地址发送E-mail取消预定。
Onceyouarea member of a list, you can expect to receive e-mail from other on the list. Youmayfind the number of messages to be overwhelming. Ifyouwantto cancel a mailing list, sendane-mail request to"unsubscribe"to the subscription address.
习题3.1 一 判断正误：根据课文内容判断下列说法正误。
Put“true”or“false”in the brackets for the following statements according to the passage.
习题3.1 二 练习：根据课文内容完成下列练习。
Fillinthe blanks according to the passage.
习题3.1 三 翻译：将下列单词和短语译成中文。
Translate the following words and expressions into Chinese.
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