07-1 Chapter 7 Image Processing 7.1 Concepts of Graphic and Image.pptx

第1页：7.1 生词表

第2页：7.1 生词表（续）

第3页：7.1 缩略语表

第4页：是graphic还是image呢

7.1 Concepts of Graphic and Image

Imageor Graphic? Technically, neither.[1]If you really want to be strict, computer pictures are files, the same way WORD documents or solitaire games are files. They're all a bunch of ones and zerosallinarow. Butwedohave to communicate with one another, so let's decide.分析：复合句，主句中the same way WORD documents or solitaire games are files为方式状语，the same way前省去了in。graphic和image的概念

是graphic还是image呢？从技术上说都不是。从严格意义上来说，计算机图画是文件，就像Word文档或纸牌游戏是文件一样。它们都是由很多1和0排成的数据。但是我们需要互相交流，所以要确定名称。

第5页：这一概念似乎覆盖了非常广泛的话题范围

“image”。我们要使用“image”的概念。这一概念似乎覆盖了非常广泛的话题范围。（graphic经常翻译成图形、绘图，image翻译成图像、影像。编者注）“graphic”更多的情况是作形容词用，例如“图形格式”。我们用图形格式来表示Internet中的图像。GIF不是映像的名字，而是用来生成通过CompuServe建立的光栅格式的压缩因子。Image.We'lluse"image".Thatseemstoc over a wide enough topic range."Graphic"is more of an adjective,asin"graphicformat".we denote images on the Internet by their graphic format. GIFisnotthe name of the image. GIFisthe compression factor used to create the raster format setup by Compu Serve.

第6页：thatis为插入语

So,they're all images unless you're talking about something specific. The images produced in Drawing programs(CorelDraw,Illustrator,Freehand,Designeretc)are called vector is ed graphics.[2]Thatis,all of the objects shown on the computer monitor are representations of points and their relationship to eachother on the work area,each of which is stored in the computer as simple values and mathematical equations depicting:the relationship between each point and the next point referenced to it,andtheposition(vector)of each point referenced to a starting corner of the work area.分析：复合句。thatis为插入语，意思为“即；也就是说”。each of which is stored in the computer as simple values and mathematical equations…为“名词+介词+which”开始的定语从句，修饰representations。所以除非被用来讨论专用的事物，它们都是图像。绘图程序（CorelDraw、Illustrator、Freehand、Designer等）生成的图像都被称为矢量化图形。也就是说，在计算机监视器显示的所有对象都是工作区域内的点和它们之间相互关系的表示，每一点都作为简单值或数学公式存储在计算机里，其中数学公式用来描述每个点和参照该点的下一个点之间的关系和参照工作区域开始角的每个点的位置（矢量）。

第7页：位图图像存储为垂直和水平排列的像素

Bitmap pictures a restored as a vertical and horizontal array of Pixelsand stored information represents the colour of each of these pixels. The resolution of a bitmap picture describes how many of these pixels exist over a set distance, usually horizontally: i. e. pixels perinchorpixelsper centimetre. Anunaltered bitmap picture of 300 pixels/inch enlarged by 1000%will therefore still have the same number of pixels across the actual picture area but each represented pixel will cover a larger area.

位图图像存储为垂直和水平排列的像素，存储的像素信息表示每个像素的颜色。位图图像的清晰度描述在一个特定距离（通常指水平距离）内有多少像素：即像素数/英寸或像素数/厘米。一个未改变的300像素/英寸的位图图像放大10倍后在实际的图像范围内将会有相同的像素数目，但每一个表示出的像素将会覆盖更大的范围。

第8页：句中

[3]Atsuchan enlargement, the picture would be of little use for reproduction unless viewed from quite along distance.

Bitmapor Photo-retouching programs are correctly called PAINTING PROGRAMS.

Vectorised drawings on the other hand can be enlarged as much as desired. because,although the abovementioned points on a drawing would be further apart,the relationship of any described line between the points would always be the same.分析：复合句。句中unless viewed from quite along distance为unless引导的真实条件状语从句,unless通常相当于ifnot，unless后省去了itis。在这样一个放大的图片里，图像无法用于再现，除非从相当远的距离外观看。位图或照片润色程序的正确叫法为画图程序。另一方面，矢量化的图形可以按要求尽量放大。因为尽管上面提到的图形上的点可以相隔得更远，但点之间任一描述线之间的关系是相同的。

第9页：画图程序产生的一个单独的公司标语文件可以

也就是说，画图程序产生的一个单独的公司标语文件可以用来作为名片、小册子或海报，或绘制到一个3米（9英尺）宽的打印模板上，如果可行，需要为每个可用尺寸建立位图文件。

A single company logo file produced in a Drawing program could be used for a business card, any brochure or poster, or plotting out to a Screen Printstencil 3 metres (9 feet)wide, whereas bitmap files would have to be created for every size used if practicable.

第10页：光栅、矢量、图元文件、PDL

Whatisraster, vector, metafile, PDL, VRML, and so forth?

These terms are used to classify the type of data a graphics file contains.

Rasterfiles(also called bitmapped files)contain graphics information described as pixels,such as photographic images. Vectorfiles contain data described as mathematical equations and are typically used to store line art and CAD information. Metafilesare formats that may contain either raster or vector graphics data. Page Description Languages(PDL)are used to describe the layout of a printed page of graphics and text.光栅、矢量、图元文件、PDL、VRML等是什么呢？这些术语用来划分一个图像文件含有数据的种类。光栅文件也被称为位图文件，包含以像素描述的图像信息，例如摄影图像。矢量文件含有被描述为数学公式的数据，并通常用来存储艺术线条或CAD信息。图元文件包含有光栅或矢量图数据。页面描述语言（PDL）被用来描述图形和文本打印页面的版面设置。

第11页：动画格式通常

Animation formats are usually collections of raster data that is displayed in a sequence. Multi-dimensional object formats store graphics data as a collection of objects(data and the code that manipulates it)that maybe rendered(displayed)in a variety of perspectives. Virtual Reality Modeling Language(VRML)isa3D,object-oriented language used for describing"virtualworlds"networked via the Internet and hyperlinked within the World Wide Web. Multimedia file formats are capable of storing any of the previously mentioned types of data,including sound and video information.动画格式通常是以序列显示的光栅数据集。多维对象格式将图像数据作为在各种视角下表示（展示）的对象集（数据及操作数据的代码）存储起来。VRML（虚拟现实建模语言）是用来描述通过Internet联网或全球网链接的“虚拟世界”的三维面向对象的语言。多媒体文件格式可以存储前面提到的任一种数据，包括声音和视频信息。

第12页：习题7.1 一 判断正误

习题7.1 一 判断正误：根据课文内容判断下列说法正误。

Put“true”or“false”in the brackets for the following statements according to the passage.

1. ()Computer pictures are files that are all a bunch of ones and zerosallinarow.
2. ()GIFisthename of the image.
3. ()Bitmap pictures a restored as a vertical and horizontal array of Pixels.
4. ()The stored information represents the colour of each of the pixels.
5. ()Vectorised drawings can be enlarged as much as desired.
6. ()Bitmap pictures cannot be enlarged as much as desired.
7. ()Rasterfiles contain graphics information described as pixels.
8. ()Vectorfiles contain data described as mathematical equations.

第13页：习题7.1 二 练习

习题7.1 二 练习：根据课文内容完成下列练习。

Fillinthe blanks according to the passage.

1. Computer pictures are_________________, the same way WORD documents or solitaire games are_________________.
2. The_________________of a bitmap picture describes how many of these pixels exist over a set distance, usually_________________.
3. Raster,__________, metafile, PDL, and VRMLareused to________the type of data a graphics file contains.
4. Rasterfiles (also called bitmapped files)contain graphics information described as_______.
5. Photo-retouching programs are correctly called_________________.
6. Vectorfiles contain data described as_________________and are typically used to store line art and CAD_________________.
7. _________________file formats are capable of storing sound and video information.
8. Page Description Languages (PDL)are used to describe the_________________of a printed page of graphics and_________________.

第14页：习题7.1 三 翻译

习题7.1 三 翻译：将下列单词和短语译成中文。

Translate the following words and phrases into Chinese.

1. row
2. image
3. produce
4. array
5. enlargement
6. mathematical equation
7. monitor
8. layout
9. format
10. store