28 第五章 脂类代谢.ppt

第1页：Chapter 5 Lipid

Chapter 5LipidThe mighty whales which swin in a swa of water, and have a sea of oil swimming in them

第2页：The function of lipid

The function of lipidLipids are a class of biological molecules defined by low solubility in water and high solubility in nonpolar solvents.Function:Energymembrane

第3页：Fatty Acids Fatty

5.1 • Fatty AcidsFatty acids are either saturated(all carbon-carbon bonds are single bonds) or unsaturated(with one or more double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain). If a fatty acid has a single double bond, it is said to be monounsaturated,and if it has more than one, polyunsaturated.

第4页：A list of the most

A list of the most abundant fatty acids (M table 10.1)

第5页：Composition图示

第6页：Composition示意图

第7页：Composition

Composition ofnatural fats (Mtable 10.2)

第8页：Triacylglycerol

5.2 Triacylglycerol: the fattristearin (M10.2)

第9页：Polar Bears Use结构图

第10页：Polar Bears Use

Polar Bears Use Triacylglycerols to Survive Long Periods of Fasting

第11页：Whales and Arctic

Whales and Arctic mammals rely on body fat for both insulation and energy reserves.

第12页：Glycerophospholipids

Glycerophospholipids A 1,2-diacylglycerol that has a phosphate group esterified at carbon atom 3 of the glycerol backbone is a glycerophospholipid,also known as a phosphoglycerideor a glycerol phosphatide

第13页：Phosphatidic acid

Phosphatidic acid, the parent compound for glycerophospholipids

第14页：The Most Common

The Most CommonPhospholipidsPhosphatidic acidphosphatidyleth-anolamine,isdiphosphatidylglycerol

第15页：Structures of

Structures of several glycerophospholipids and space-filling models of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidylinositol.

第16页：A scheme of a

A scheme of a micelleand a membrane(M10.5)

第17页：Soaps and detergents

Soaps and detergents (M p 319)SDSTriton X-100

第18页：Phospholipids(M 10.6

Phospholipids (M 10.6)

第19页：The

The hydrophilicgroups ofphospholipids(M10.7)

第20页：Structure of

Structureof atypicalmembrane(M10.10)

第21页：Glycerophospholipid

GlycerophospholipidDegradation:One of the Effects of Snake Venoms The venoms of poisonous snakes contain (among other things) a class of enzymes known as phospholipases, enzymes that cause the breakdown of phospholipids.

第22页：Ether流程图

第23页：Ether

Ether Glycerophospholipids Ether glycerophospholipidspossess an ether linkage instead of an acyl group at the C-1 position of glycerol

第24页：A 1-alkyl 2-

A 1-alkyl 2-acyl-phosphatidylethanolamine (an ether glycerophospholipid).

第25页：The structure of 1-

The structure of 1-alkyl 2-acetyl-phosphatidylcholine, also known as platelet activating factor or PAF

第26页：The structure and a

The structure and a space-filling model of a choline plasmalogen.

第27页：Other lipids

5.4 Other lipidsSphingolipids WaxsTerpensCholesterolSteriod hormone

第28页：Sphingolipids often

Sphingolipids often a hydrocarbon R group isattached to the NH2as in ceramide

第29页：General structure

General structure ofglycosphingolipid (Mp323)

第30页：A typical wax(M 10.4

A typical wax(M10.4)

第31页：Cholesterol(M 10.9

Cholesterol(M10.9)

第32页：Terpenes

Terpenes

第33页：Some other模式图

第34页：Some other图解

第35页：Some other

Some other biologically active isoprenoid compounds or derivatives.

第36页：Steroid Hormones图谱

第37页：Steroid Hormones构型图

第38页：Steroid Hormones关系图

第39页：Steroid Hormones对照图

第40页：Steroid Hormones简图

第41页：Steroid Hormones原理图

第42页：Steroid Hormones

Steroid Hormones

第43页：Separation and

Separation and analysis of lipidLipid extraction requires organic solventAdsorption chromatography separates lipids of different polarityGas-Liquid Chromatography resolves mixtures of volatile lipid derivativesSpecific hydrolysis(mild acid or alkaline treatment) aids in determination of lipid structureMass spectrometry reveals complete lipid structure

第44页：The End

The End