页数:27页文件大小:4.06 MB来源: 营养学英文版ppt课件
本课件讲解脂类营养,先界定脂肪与类脂的概念并按碳链长度、饱和度与空间结构划分脂肪酸,继而说明必需脂肪酸种类、脂肪的理化特性与生理功能、载脂蛋白分类及我国油脂消费与体脂测量。
Chapter 2 Lipids & Its Function
§1 Concept Lipids is as Fat Oil Lipid
1 Neutral Fat Glycerin+Fatty Acids(FA)1.1 Triglyceride,Diglyceride,Olyglyceride 1.2 C-chainof FA:short,Middle,Longer
2 Lipids Containing:Phospholipids Glycolipids Sterols Lipoprotein P21-22
3.2 Saturation 3.2.1 Saturated Fatty Acid (FA)3.2.2 Monounsaturated Fatty Acid (M-UFA)3.2.3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (PUFA)
3.3 FA Structure in Space 3.3.1 Cis-fatty Acid 3.3.2 Trans -fatty Acid
3.4 Essential fatty acid (EFA) Linoleate (18:2△) n-6,9 all cis√Linolenate (18:3△) (α) n-3,6,9 all cis√(γ)n-6,9,12 all cis Arachidonate (20:4 △) n-6,9,12,15 all cis Others:软油酸(16:1△9)油酸(18:1△9) In Nutrition: n-3 & n-6 (or ω-3, ω-6) P21
§2 Composition & Ratio in Body 1 Chemical:C、H、O (Mainly) N、S、P (Less)2 Ratio:10-20%inbodymostinfattytissue Lipids:5%3 Better Sources:Vegetableoil;eg:cornoil,sesameoil
Fatty tissue
4 Analysis and its Equipment
§3 Characteristics Suppl.1 Physical Chemical Tenderness C-chainlength Meltingpoint FAsaturation Flavour FAlocation/Gly Notes:
2 Chemical Suppl.
§4 Fatty Function P19
Classification Stored Fat Variable Fat White Fat Brown Fat Suppl.
Fatty tissue
EFA Function
§5 Phospholipids & Steroids
§6 Digestion, Absorption &Metabolism Upper small intestine Bloodlymph Liver
Transition types 4 kinds of Carried-lipo-protein
§7 Nutritional Evaluation Similar to protein 1 Fatty Digestivity: 90-98%2 EFA Content: oil > fat 3 Vit. A, D, E Content
脂肪的食物来源与供给量
| 项目 | 推荐量 |
|---|---|
| 脂肪摄入量 | 50 ~ 70 g/(人·d) |
| 成人脂肪供能比 | 20% ~ 30% |
| 婴儿脂肪供能比 | 40% ~ 45% |
| 必需脂肪酸供能比 | ≥ 3%(婴儿需更高) |
| 饱和脂肪酸占比 | < 10% |
| 胆固醇摄入量 | < 300 mg/(人·d) |
胆固醇限量引自美国膳食与健康委员会建议。
Nowadays 北京/上海 83-85g/d 肥胖高血脂脂肪肝冠心病油脂消费量脂代谢疾病
Malnutrition
Measuring Body Fat
Quanstion 1 脂肪的营养学意义?2 什么是类脂,包括哪些?3 必需脂肪酸?4 多不饱和脂肪酸,重要的有几种?5 何为载脂蛋白,它们的功能?6 摄入的脂肪应该包括哪些?7 日常生活中脂肪摄入过多,仅因为是动物食品过多吗?8 高脂饮食的危险性?9 近年中国人烹饪方式会引起脂肪摄入过高吗?10 动植物油脂的差异在哪?
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